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英语四级动词有哪些时态?

英语四级动词有哪些时态?

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2017-07-09

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    Ⅰ动词(时态,语态,用法,省略,一致性等) 时态 1)现在完成进行时态 (have/has been + -ing 分词构成):动作或状态从过去某时开始,继续到现在,可能继续下去,也可能刚刚结束。
   I’ve been writing letters for an hour。   I’ve been sitting in the garden。 2)过去完成进行时(由had been + ing分词构成):过去某个时刻以前一直在进行的动作。
   I’d been working for some time when he called。 We had been waiting for her for two hours by the time she came。
     3)将来完成进行时:将来某个时刻以前一直在进行的动作。 By next summer, he will have been working here for twenty years。
   In another month’s time she’ll have been studying here for three years。   4)将来完成时(由shall/will have + 过去分词构成):将来某时已发生的事。
   I shall have finished this one before lunch。 They’ll have hit the year’s target by the end of October。
     语态 可以有两种被动结构的类型,例如: He was said to be jealous of her success。 It was said that he was jealous of her success。
   能同时适用于上述两个句型的主动词通常都是表示“估计”,“相信”等意义的动词,常见的有assume,believe,expect,fear,feel,know,presume,report,say,suppose,understand等。
     It is supposed that the ship has been sunk。 The ship is supposed to have been sunk。
   担当be supposed to 与不定式的一般形式搭配时往往表示不同的意义,例如: Why are you driving so fast in this area? You are supposed to know the speed to know the speed limit。
     (你应该晓得速度限制) 双宾语及宾补结构的被动语态 双宾语结构的被动语态:双宾语结构变为被动语态时,可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语,另一个宾语仍然保留在谓语后面,但多数是把间接宾语变为主语。
   He was asked a number of questions at the press conference。   Two days were allowed them for making the necessary preparations。
   宾补结构的被动语态: She was called Big Sister by everybody。 Then he was made a squad leader。   He was considered quite qualified for the job。
   The room was always kept clean and tidy。

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