一篇文章帮忙翻译成英文 第1章 绪论1.1 论文研究的背景及问题的提出
我国肉类生产及其加工业在国际上具有重要地位 中国是世界上人口最多的国家,也是产肉大国。1990年肉类总产量攀升至世界第一位,创造了举世瞩目的奇迹,为世界肉类生产的发展作出了重大贡献。
1978年12月,党的十一届三中全会作出了把工作重点转移到以经济建设为中心的社会主义建设上来和实行改革开放的重大决策,制定了关于加快农业发展的决定。我国农业和畜牧业生产潜在的巨大能量开始了井喷式的爆发,为我国中西式肉制品的发展从原料到市场展现了前所未有的广阔空间,我国肉制品工业由此进入一个崭新的高速发展时期。
自八十年代初,我国各地的肉联厂纷纷进行技术改造,扩建或新建肉制品加工车间,随着开放力度的进一步加大和国外技术的导入,我国肉制品加工业掀起了前所未有的西式肉制品生产热潮,西式火腿、香肠和培根等产品在国内的大中城市得到了推广和普及.
八十年代末到现在,一批以生产高温火腿肠为主的中型肉联厂迅速崛起,如洛阳肉联厂、漯河肉联厂等,日产量高达500-600吨之多,成为世界级的大工厂,随后依此相继组建了春都集团和双汇集团,并在1995年跨入全国工业500强企业之列。同时,一批体制更灵活的民营肉制品加工企业也迅速壮大,快步加入到行业排头兵的行列,如山东金锣、南京雨润、山东联合和山东得利斯等。
肉制品产品也更加多元化,形成了高温肉制品系列、低温肉制品系列、冻猪肉、保鲜肉及其副产品系列,进一步丰富了广大人民的日常消费.
1双汇在短短的二十年发展中,已经取得了辉煌的成就,今天,双汇已经成为肉食类的领导者。在它从小到大的成长历程中,它提出的“18道检验,18个放心”抓住了消费者对肉类行业安全的重视,品牌战略非常精到。可是与同样作为行业领导者的国际品牌相比,双汇仍然显得很稚嫩。
双汇集团下属子公司济源双汇食品有限公司生产的冷鲜肉是用吃了瘦肉精的“健美猪”生产出来的,一时间轰动全国。双汇旗下产品在全国各地纷纷被迫下架、召回、查封甚至销毁,对国内消费者已经非常脆弱的食品安全信心,无疑又是一次沉重的打击。无论是指责日益挑剔、挑肥拣瘦的消费者,斥责见利忘义、道德缺失的不法养殖户、猪贩子,还是责怪无所作为、权力寻租的监管机构,最重要的还是双汇内部控制制度存在漏洞。双汇集团在建立与实施内部控制过程中,在内部环境、风险评估、控制活动、信息与沟通、内部监督五大要素方面均存在问题。双汇集团在短短的20多年里,年销售收入从不足1000万元发展至突破500亿元,可以说是与大量中小养猪户的低成本对接有着密切关系。“健美猪”事件发生后,双汇集团的冷鲜肉销售基本停止,连带着其他产品也大量滞销,每天销售额与以前同期相比减少1亿元左右,因瘦肉精事件累计损失将超过121亿元。据测算,建一座1万头的猪场需要投资1200万元,如果双汇集团把巨额损失早一点拿出来建猪场,1000万头的猪场都可以建起来了.不重视质量监管。对瘦肉精的危害性及其产生的风险所带来后果的严重程度估计不足。为了实现“十二五”销售收入突破1000亿的目标,为了追求所谓的速度、规模和效益等指标和业绩,实现与外方协议的高增长从而能够为自己带来的高额奖励,双汇管理高层将经济利益置于消费者身体健康之上,忽视了对瘦肉精的检测和对产品质量的重视,结果一方面危害了消费者的身体健康,另一方面企业也将面临产品超市下架、销售停滞、查封销毁、客户易帜、工厂停产、股票跌停、重组受阻、信誉大损的重创。双汇“健美猪”事件再次给中国食品企业敲响了警钟。
China's meat production and processing industry has an important position in the international arena, China is the world's most populous country, and meat production country。 Total meat output in 1990 rose to first in the world, creating a remarkable miracle, made a significant contribution to t...全部
China's meat production and processing industry has an important position in the international arena, China is the world's most populous country, and meat production country。
Total meat output in 1990 rose to first in the world, creating a remarkable miracle, made a significant contribution to the development of the world's meat production。
In December 1978, the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh CPC Central Committee made the focus shifted to the economic construction as the center of socialist construction and reform and opening up a major decision to develop a decision to accelerate agricultural development。
The enormous energy potential of China's agricultural and livestock production spurt outbreak demonstrated an unprecedented broad space for the development of the country in the Western-style meat products from raw materials to the market, China's meat industry will enter a new period of rapid development。
Since the early eighties, all over the country's meat processing have technological transformation, expansion or new meat processing plant, with the opening up of further increase and the import of foreign technology, the meat processing industry in China set off an unprecedented Western-style meat products production boom, ham, sausage and bacon and other products in the domestic large and medium-sized cities has been the promotion and popularization。
The late eighties to the present, a group of mainly medium to produce high-temperature ham meat processing rapid rise, such as Luoyang, meat processing, Luohe meat processing, production up to as much as 500-600 tons, a world-class large factory, then so successively formed Chundu Group and Shuanghui Group, and in 1995 entered the list of top 500 enterprises of the country's industrial。
Meanwhile, a number of more flexible and private meat processing enterprises rapidly growing, quickly joined the ranks of the industry pacesetter, such as Shandong Jinluo, Yurun, Shandong joint and Shandong Delisi and so on。
Meat products are also more diversified, forming a high-temperature meat products series, series of low-temperature meat products, frozen pork, fresh meat and its by-product series, further enrich the daily consumption of the majority of the people。
Shuanghui in a short span of two decades, has been made brilliant achievements, today, the the Shuanghui already become the leader of the meat class。
In the growth process from small to large, it is proposed 18 test, 18 at ease "to seize the attention of consumers on the safety of the meat industry, the brand strategy is very subtlety。
But compared to the same international brand as the industry leader, Shuanghui still very immature。
Shuanghui Group, a subsidiary of Jiyuan Shuanghui Food Co。, Ltd。 the production of cold meat eating clenbuterol fitness swine production, a sensation in the country。
Shuanghui its products throughout the country have been forced off the shelf, recall, seizure or even destruction, domestic consumers already fragile confidence in food safety, is undoubtedly a heavy blow。
Is accused of increasingly picky, picky consumers, unscrupulous farmers denounced unscrupulous moral failure, Zhu Fanzi blame inaction, rent-seeking of power regulators, the most important thing to Shuanghui the internal control system loopholes。
Shuanghui Group in the establishment and implementation of internal control, internal environment, risk assessment, control activities, information and communication, the five elements of internal oversight problems。
Shuanghui Group in a short span of 20 years, annual sales revenue from less than 10 million yuan to exceed 50 billion yuan, has a close relationship with the large number of small and medium pig farmers in low-cost docking。
Shuanghui Group fitness pig "after the incident, sales of cold meat basically stopped, even with other products is also a large number of slow-moving, daily sales compared with the previous reduction of 100 million yuan, due to accumulated losses of clenbuterol event will more than 12。
1 billion yuan。 It is estimated that the construction of a 10,000 pig farms need to invest 12 million yuan, Shuanghui Group, the huge losses earlier to build farms, 10 million pig farms can be built up。
Not pay attention to quality control。 The severity of the risk of the dangers of clenbuterol and its consequences are underestimated。
In order to achieve "five-second" sales revenue exceeded 100 billion goal, the pursuit of so-called speed, size and effectiveness indicators and performance, with the high growth of foreign agreements in order to be able to bring their own high reward, Shuanghui senior management will be placed economic interests above the health of consumers, ignoring the detection of clenbuterol and emphasis on product quality, the results on the one hand to harm the health of consumers, on the other hand companies will also face products supermarket frame, sales stagnated, the seizure of the destruction of customer changing of the guard, factories closed and the stock limit, reorganization blocked, the credibility of the loss hit。
The Shuanghui fitness pig "incident has once again sounded the alarm to the Chinese food companies。
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