英语中共有几种代词
代词是代替名词的一种词类。大多数代词具有名词和形容词的功能。英语中的代词,按其意义、特征及在句中的作用分为:人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、自身代词、相互代词、疑问代词、关系代词和不定代词八种。 一、人称代词是表示"我"、"你"、"他"、"她"、"它"、 "我们"、"你们"、"他们"的词。人称代词有人称、数和格的变化,见下表: 数 单数 复数 格 主格 宾格 主格 宾格 第一人称 I me we us 第二人称 you you you you he him they them 第三人称 she her they them i...全部
代词是代替名词的一种词类。大多数代词具有名词和形容词的功能。英语中的代词,按其意义、特征及在句中的作用分为:人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、自身代词、相互代词、疑问代词、关系代词和不定代词八种。
一、人称代词是表示"我"、"你"、"他"、"她"、"它"、 "我们"、"你们"、"他们"的词。人称代词有人称、数和格的变化,见下表: 数 单数 复数 格 主格 宾格 主格 宾格 第一人称 I me we us 第二人称 you you you you he him they them 第三人称 she her they them it it they them 如:Heismyfriend。
他是我的朋友。 It’sme。 是我。 二、物主代词表示所有关系的代词,也可叫做代词所有格。物主代词分形容性物主代词和名词性物主代词二种,其人物和数的变化见下表。 数 单数 复数 人称 第一 第二 第三 第一 第二 第三 人称人称 人称 人称 人称 人称 形容词性 my your his/her itsouryour/their 物主代词 名词性 mineyourshis/hersitsoursyours/theirs 物主代词 如:Ilikehiscar。
我喜欢他的小汽车。 Ourschoolishere,andtheirsisthere。 我们的学校在这儿,他们的在那儿。 三、指示代词表示"那个"、"这个"、"这些"、"那些"等指示概念的代词。
指示代词有this,that,these,those等。 如:Thatisagoodidea。 那是个好主意。 四、表示"我自己"、"你自己"、"他自己"、"我们自己"、"你们自己"和"他们自己"等的代词,叫做自身代词,也称为"反身代词"。
如:Shewastalkingtoherself。 她自言自语。 五、表示相互关系的代词叫相互代词,有eachother和oneanother两组,但在运用中,这两组词没什么区别。
如:Theyloveeachother。 他们彼此相爱。 六、不是指明代替任何特定名词的代词叫做不定代词。常见的不定代词有a11,both,each,every等,以及含有some-,any-,no-等的合成代词,如anybody,something,noone。
这些不定代词大都可以代替名词和形容词,在句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语, 但none和由some,any,no等构成的复合不定代词只能作主语、宾语或表语;every和no只能作定语。如: ---Doyouhaveacar? --你有一辆小汽车吗? ---Yes,Ihaveone。
--是的,我有一辆。 ---Idon’tknowanyofthem。 他们,我一个也不认识。 七、疑问代词有who,whom,whose,what和which等。在句子中用来构成特殊疑问句。
疑问代词都可用作连接代词,引导名词性从句(主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句) 如:Tellmewhoheis。 告诉我他是谁。 八、关系代词有who,whom,whose,that,which,as等,可用作引导从句的关联词。
它们在定语从句中可作主语、表语、宾语、定语等;另一方面它们又代表主句中为定语从句所修饰的那个名词或代词(通称为先行词)。 如:Heisthemanwhomyouhavebeenlookingfor。
他就是你要找的那个人。 =============================== 代词的用法 几类代词的相应形式: 人称代词 物主代词 反身代词 主格 宾格 形容词性 名词性 单数 I I 我 me我 my我的 mine我的 myself我自己 II you you your your yourself III he him his his himself she her her hers herself it it its its itself 复数 I we us our ours ourselves II you you your yours Yourselves III they them their theirs themselves 人称代词的用法:1,主格作主语或表语: She and Tom are good friends。
It's she who wants it。 2。 宾格作及物动词和介词的宾语,还可作表语。 Aunt Li took care of us。 Who is knocking at the door It's me。
物主代词的用法: 形容词性物主代词只能做定语,修饰名词,相当于形容词。 My mother is a nurse in a hospital。 Their teacher is coming here。
名词性物主代词可以做主语,宾语和表语,相当于名词。 This is my pen, yours is lost。(yours=your pen) The best composition is hers。
(hers= her composition) I can't find my ruler, I have to use hers。 (hers = her ruler) 反身代词的用法: 反身代词表示主语发生的动作落在主语自己身上,或用来加强名词或代词的语气。
作主语:I hope he didn't hurt herself。 She taught herself English。 同位语: You yourself said so。 You can do it yourself。
常与以下动词连用: hurt, dress, enjoy, say to, talk to, teach, wash, help 还可以与介词连用:by oneself [自己(不需要别人帮忙)] for oneself (替自己,为自己) to oneself(供自己用) 不定代词及用法: (一)可分为普 通不定代词,个体不定代词和数量不定代词: 通不定代词:some, any, no, somebody, nobody, anybody, someone, anyone, no one, something, anything, nothing, one 个体不定代词:all, every, each, other, another, either, neither, both, everybody, everyone, everything 数量不定代词:many, much, few, a few, little, a little, a lot of, lots of (二) 普通不定代词的用法(部分): some一般用于肯定句, 当预期对方作肯定回答时也用于疑问句: Could you please give me some information about ir 还用于表示要求和提供某物的句子: Would you like some tea 2。
any 的用法: (1)用于否定句及含有否定意义词(hardly, never, no)的句子中: I have hardly any time。 (2)用于疑问句中和条件句中: Do you see any birds in the tree (3) some, any, no, 与 one, thing, body 构成的合成词的用法:这些代词都表示单数的概念,some, any与one, thing, body构成的合成词的区别与和的用法基本相同。
There is someone looking for you outside。 If you want anything, call me, please。 这些代词如被定语修饰, 应放在定语前,如被else修饰,也放在else前: Is there anything new in the newspaper I'm afraid I can't help you, you'd better ask someone else。
3。 other, another 的用法: 两者均可指人,也可指物,other 意为 "另外",不确指,需要确指时前加定冠词the, the other,,意为 another"另一个": other: (1)后跟名词(单,复),泛指 "别的,其他的" The Great Wall is longer than any other wall in the world。
I'll go swimming with other friends tomorrow。 the other后跟名词单或数,或后不跟名词, 特指两者中的另一个: At last we got the other side of the river。
Thirty are girls and the other students are boys in our class。 I have two pens, one is blue and the other is red。
(3) others 后不加名词,泛指另外一些别的人或事物;the others 特指其余所有的人或事物: Some of us like playing table-tennis, and others like playing basketball。
Thirty in our class are girls, and the others are boys。 (4) 泛指三者以上的 "一些"不用加the, 用 "some…。 others"的形式: Some people like it, others not。
another: 泛指另一个,不与the连用,只能跟可数名词单数: I don't like this one, will you please show me another We asked him to sing us another song。
4。both, either, neither的用法:他们均用于两者之间,neither, either用做单数,both用做复数, both:肯定句中表示"两者都",用于否定句中表示 "两者不都",即部分否定: Both of the sisters are good at English。
] Not both of them are good at English。(One is good at English, the other isn't。) I don't know both his brothers。
(I only know one of them。) Both,,,and,,,, 连接两个主语时谓语动词用复数: Both my bothers and I are teachers。 (2) neither: 表示"两个都不", either表示"两个中的任何一个", neither是 either的否定形式,两者均表示单数形式,做主语时谓语动词用单数形式: Either you or he is right。
Neither he nor you is right。 neither是both的反义词,做形容词时与单数名词连用,不用the: Neither pen writes good。= Neither of the pens writes good。
Neither…nor…, either…or…。 Eihter you or I am right。 Nether you nor I am right。=Both you and I are right。
5。 (a) little, much, (a) few, many 的用法: little "很少"表否定, a little "少许"表肯定, much= not a little: I know little about him。
我不了解他。 I know much about him。 我对他很了解。 There is little to be done, is there There is a little to be done, isn't there 在对不可数名词提问时要用how much: I spent a lot of money on books。
How much did you spend on books as little as "尽可能少的" as much as " 尽可能多的" as… as…结构中不用 a little Few 表示 "很少" 表否定含义, a few "有一些"表肯定含义, many= not a few ""许多,不少, 这三个词用于修饰可数名词: Few of us understand our teacher。
A few of us understand our teacher。 His book has few readers, does it His book has a few readers, doesn't it as few as "尽可能少" as many as "和……一样多" as…as…。
结构中不用a few。收起