请解释各个that从句的作用并翻
专业的东西我不懂,帮你分析一下句子吧,希望对你有所帮助。
An arch dam is therefore a shell structure, admittedly sometimes of significant thickness, that owes its strength essentially to its curved profile but that is supported at the riverbed and up the vally sides by constrains that cause both flexure and shear on the membr...全部
专业的东西我不懂,帮你分析一下句子吧,希望对你有所帮助。
An arch dam is therefore a shell structure, admittedly sometimes of significant thickness, that owes its strength essentially to its curved profile but that is supported at the riverbed and up the vally sides by constrains that cause both flexure and shear on the membrane。
这句话的主句是"an arch dam is therefore a shell structure", 而后的独立结构"admittedly sometimes of significant thickness"和接下来那个超长的从句讲的都是"shell structure"。
所以作者的本意不是要分析拱坝,而是拱坝所属的壳体结构。现在来看那句定语从句,它可以被分为两部分,以"but"连接(所以这句从句本身是一个并列句),分别为"that owes its strength essentially to its curved profile"和"that is supported at the riverbed and up the vally sides by constrains that cause both flexure and shear on the membrane"。
因为这两个部分是并列关系,所以它们分别直接描写壳体结构,且由于其转折的内在联系,以"but"连接这两个部分。来看第一部分,"owe something to somebody"和"owe somebody something"是一个意思,所以这句话的字面意思是"(壳体结构)本质上欠它的弧状表面它(仍指壳体结构)的力量"。
再看第二个部分,这又是一个复合句,以"that cause both flexure and shear on the membrane"这个定语从句来描写主句"that(shell structure) is supported at the riverbed and up the vally sides by constrains",具体来说是描写"constrains"。
所以这个部分的字面意思为"(壳体结构)被同时造成薄膜的弯曲和断裂(原意是切断)的强制力(从这句话来看,"constrains"应为名词,但"constrain"是一个动词,不知你是不是把"constraints"误作"constrains"了)在河床和峡谷的上游两侧支撑着"。
试着一下面的停顿方式来读这句话,可能会好理解些:
An arch dam / is therefore a shell structure, / admittedly sometimes of significant thickness, / that owes its strength essentially to its curved profile / but / that IS supported at the riverbed and up the vally sides by constrains / that cause both flexure and shear on the membrane。
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