英国和美国区别
The United States of America (commonly referred to as the United States, the U。S。, the USA, or America) is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district。 The country is situated mostly in central North America, where its 48 contiguous states and Washington, D。 ...全部
The United States of America (commonly referred to as the United States, the U。S。, the USA, or America) is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district。
The country is situated mostly in central North America, where its 48 contiguous states and Washington, D。
C。, the capital district, lie between the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans, bordered by Canada to the north and Mexico to the south。
The state of Alaska is in the northwest of the continent, with Canada to its east and Russia to the west across the Bering Strait。
The state of Hawaii is an archipelago in the mid-Pacific。 The country also possesses several territories, or insular areas, in the Caribbean and Pacific。
At 3。79 million square miles (9。83 million km2) and with about 307 million people, the United States is the third or fourth largest country by total area, and the third largest by land area and population。
The United States is one of the world's most ethnically diverse and multicultural nations, the product of large-scale immigration from many countries。
[7] The U。S。 economy is the largest national economy in the world, with an estimated 2008 gross domestic product (GDP) of US $14。
3 trillion (23% of the world total based on nominal GDP and almost 21% at purchasing power parity)。
[4][8]The nation was founded by thirteen colonies of Great Britain located along the Atlantic seaboard。
On July 4, 1776, they issued the Declaration of Independence, which proclaimed their independence from Great Britain and their formation of a cooperative union。
The rebellious states defeated Great Britain in the American Revolutionary War, the first successful colonial war of independence。
[9] The Philadelphia Convention adopted the current United States Constitution on September 17, 1787; its ratification the following year made the states part of a single republic with a strong central government。
The Bill of Rights, comprising ten constitutional amendments guaranteeing many fundamental civil rights and freedoms, was ratified in 1791。
In the 19th century, the United States acquired land from France, Spain, the United Kingdom, Mexico, and Russia, and annexed the Republic of Texas and the Republic of Hawaii。
Disputes between the agrarian South and industrial North over states' rights and the expansion of the institution of slavery provoked the American Civil War of the 1860s。
The North's victory prevented a permanent split of the country and led to the end of legal slavery in the United States。
By the 1870s, the national economy was the world's largest。[10] The Spanish–American War and World War I confirmed the country's status as a military power。
In 1945, the United States emerged from World War II as the first country with nuclear weapons, a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council, and a founding member of NATO。
The end of the Cold War and the dissolution of the Soviet Union left the United States as the sole superpower。
The country accounts for approximately 50% of global military spending and is a leading economic, political and cultural force in the world。
[11]The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland[13] (commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK, or Britain)[14] is a sovereign state located off the northwestern coast of continental Europe。
It is an island country,[15][16] spanning an archipelago including Great Britain, the northeastern part of Ireland, and many small islands。
Northern Ireland is the only part of the UK with a land border, sharing it with the Republic of Ireland。
[17][18] Apart from this land border, the UK is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, the North Sea, the English Channel and the Irish Sea。
The largest island, Great Britain, is linked to France by the Channel Tunnel。The United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy and unitary state consisting of four countries: England, Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales。
[19] It is governed by a parliamentary system with its seat of government in London, the capital, but with three devolved national administrations in Belfast, Cardiff and Edinburgh, the capitals of Northern Ireland, Wales and Scotland respectively。
The Channel Island bailiwicks of Jersey and Guernsey, and the Isle of Man are Crown Dependencies and not part of the UK。
[20] The UK has fourteen overseas territories,[21] all remnants of the British Empire, which at its height in 1922 encompassed almost a quarter of the world's land surface, the largest empire in history。
British influence can continue to be observed in the language, culture and legal systems of many of its former colonies。
The UK is a developed country, with the world's sixth largest economy by nominal GDP and the seventh largest by purchasing power parity。
[7] It was the world's first industrialised country[22] and the world's foremost power during the 19th and early 20th centuries,[23] but the economic cost of two world wars and the decline of its empire in the latter half of the 20th century diminished its leading role in global affairs。
The UK nevertheless remains a major power with strong economic, cultural, military, scientific and political influence。
It is a nuclear power and has the fourth highest defence spending in the world。
It is a Member State of the European Union, holds a permanent seat on the United Nations Security Council, and is a member of the Commonwealth of Nations, G8, OECD, NATO, and the World Trade Organization。收起
